Skip to content
Pass Georgia

National curriculum lesson · Financing

Owner Financing and Installment Land Contracts

Owner financing means the seller extends credit for some or all of the purchase price. Common forms include a purchase-money note secured by the property, an installment land contract in which legal title is retained until stated conditions are met, and a wraparound arrangement that includes an existing debt. These structures do not avoid disclosure, fair-lending, due-on-sale, recording, or licensing rules.

Facts checked against the current PSI Candidate Information Bulletin and GREC sources. Editorial standards.

What is the exam-ready answer?

Owner financing means the seller extends credit for some or all of the purchase price. Common forms include a purchase-money note secured by the property, an installment land contract in which legal title is retained until stated conditions are met, and a wraparound arrangement that includes an existing debt. These structures do not avoid disclosure, fair-lending, due-on-sale, recording, or licensing rules.
Official syllabus mapping for Owner Financing and Installment Land Contracts
Official syllabus topicOwner Financing and Installment Land Contracts
Official PSI areaFinancing
Published area weight10% of the 100-question national portion
Exam portionNational salesperson portion
Source editionPSI Georgia Candidate Information Bulletin dated July 1, 2026

The Rule

PSI publishes the weight for the complete content area, not a fixed question count for this lesson. Learn the rule well enough to apply it when PSI changes names, numbers, or parties in a new scenario.

The lesson

These ideas work together. On the exam, the wrong answers usually describe a nearby concept, so learn where each one stops.

Purchase-money financing

The buyer gives the seller a note for part of the price, commonly secured by the purchased real estate. The contract must state principal, interest, payments, maturity, security, and default rights.

Installment land contract

The buyer usually receives possession and equitable rights while paying installments, but the seller retains legal title until the contract requirements are satisfied. Default remedies are governed by the agreement and law.

Wraparound financing

A new obligation wraps around an existing loan. The original loan remains, and a due-on-sale clause or payment failure can create serious risk.

Risk controls

Parties should address lien priority, taxes, insurance, title evidence, servicing, balloon payments, default, recording, and federal or state lending requirements.

Decision rule

Identify who is the creditor, who holds title, which liens remain, and who is personally liable on each debt.

Georgia-specific distinction

Georgia owner-financed transactions require careful drafting and closing review, commonly involving an attorney. A Georgia licensee should not draft financing instruments or promise that a structure avoids federal lending rules or an existing lender's due-on-sale rights.

Worked example

Scenario. A seller receives monthly payments for five years and agrees to deliver the deed only after the final payment.

Reason it through. The buyer is paying over time while the seller retains legal title under the stated arrangement.

Answer. This describes an installment land contract rather than an immediate deed plus seller-held security deed.

Common exam traps

  • Assuming owner financing is unregulated
  • Confusing a land contract with an ordinary lease
  • Ignoring an existing due-on-sale clause
  • Assuming possession equals legal title

Original practice questions with detailed explanations

These questions were written for instruction and mapped to the current outline. They are not copied from PSI or any live examination. Choose an answer before opening the explanation.

Question 1

A seller agrees to accept monthly payments for seven years and to deliver the deed only after the final payment. The buyer moves in right away. Who holds legal title during the payment period?

  1. A. The buyer, from the day of move-in
  2. B. The seller, until the final payment
  3. C. The closing attorney, in escrow
  4. D. Both parties, as tenants in common
Show answer and explanation →

Answer: B. The seller, until the final payment

In an installment land contract the seller keeps legal title until the contract is satisfied, while the buyer has possession and equitable rights. Choosing the buyer is the common mistake of treating possession as legal title.

Question 2

At closing, a buyer receives a deed, gives the seller a note for $60,000 of the price, and signs a security deed to the seller for that note. What is this arrangement?

  1. A. Installment land contract
  2. B. Wraparound loan
  3. C. Purchase-money financing
  4. D. Lease with an option to buy
Show answer and explanation →

Answer: C. Purchase-money financing

When the seller takes back a note secured by the property being sold, that is purchase-money financing. The land contract is wrong because here the buyer received the deed at closing rather than waiting until the last payment.

Question 3

A seller with an existing $150,000 loan sells for $250,000 on a wraparound note and uses the buyer's payments to keep paying the old loan. What is the most serious risk to the buyer?

  1. A. A due-on-sale call on the old loan
  2. B. Delay of title until the wrap is paid
  3. C. Personal liability on the old loan
  4. D. A ban on charging interest on the wrap
Show answer and explanation →

Answer: A. A due-on-sale call on the old loan

A wraparound leaves the original loan in place, so a due-on-sale clause or a missed payment by the seller can put the property at risk. Personal liability on the old loan is wrong because the buyer never assumed that debt.

Ready to move on?

You are ready for the next lesson when all of these are true.

  • Explain Owner Financing and Installment Land Contracts in one clear answer without notes.
  • Separate Purchase-money financing from Installment land contract using a fresh example.
  • Apply the decision rule to a new fact pattern and name the fact that controls the result.
  • State the Georgia-specific point or explain why the national rule applies unchanged.
  • Answer every practice question and explain the rule each rejected option misapplies.
  • Revisit this topic later in mixed practice without category labels.

Recommended next lesson

Continue with Specialty loan products. The specialty loans section of the loan types article covers other purpose-built loans, such as construction, bridge, reverse and home equity loans, so you can tell them apart from seller financing on the exam.

Return to the Financing hub to see every official branch and the complete lesson sequence for this content area.

Owner Financing and Installment Land Contracts questions

Facts checked against the current PSI Candidate Information Bulletin and GREC sources. Editorial standards.

Is Owner Financing and Installment Land Contracts on the Georgia real estate exam?

Yes. It belongs to PSI's Financing content area, which is 10% of the 100-question national portion. PSI publishes content-area weights, not a guaranteed question count for this individual lesson.

What is the main rule for Owner Financing and Installment Land Contracts?

Identify who is the creditor, who holds title, which liens remain, and who is personally liable on each debt.

What Georgia-specific distinction should I remember?

Georgia owner-financed transactions require careful drafting and closing review, commonly involving an attorney. A Georgia licensee should not draft financing instruments or promise that a structure avoids federal lending rules or an existing lender's due-on-sale rights.