Skip to content
Pass Georgia

National curriculum lesson 70 · Financing

Financing Instruments and Promissory Notes

The promissory note is the borrower's evidence of debt and promise to repay. A mortgage, deed of trust, or Georgia security deed secures that debt with real property. The note sets repayment terms; the security instrument provides a real-property remedy after default. Hypothecation lets the borrower pledge property while retaining possession.

Facts checked against the current PSI Candidate Information Bulletin and GREC sources. Last reviewed August 2, 2026. Editorial standards.

What is the exam-ready answer?

The promissory note is the borrower's evidence of debt and promise to repay. A mortgage, deed of trust, or Georgia security deed secures that debt with real property. The note sets repayment terms; the security instrument provides a real-property remedy after default. Hypothecation lets the borrower pledge property while retaining possession.
Official syllabus mapping for Financing Instruments and Promissory Notes
Roadmap lesson70 of 500
Official syllabus topicFinancing Instruments and Promissory Notes
Official PSI areaFinancing
Published area weight10% of the 100-question national portion
Exam portionNational salesperson portion
Source editionPSI Georgia Candidate Information Bulletin dated July 1, 2026
Last verifiedAugust 2, 2026

The Rule

PSI publishes the weight for the complete content area, not a fixed question count for this lesson. Learn the rule well enough to apply it when PSI changes names, numbers, or parties in a new scenario.

Complete lesson

Read each concept as part of one decision system. The exam often gives one accurate statement and three statements that belong to a nearby concept.

Promissory note

The note identifies principal, interest, payment obligations, maturity, and borrower promises. It is negotiable or transferable subject to applicable law and its terms.

Security instruments

A mortgage creates a security interest under the jurisdiction's theory. A deed of trust commonly involves a trustor, beneficiary, and trustee. Georgia commonly uses a deed to secure debt or security deed.

Lien and title theories

National questions may distinguish lien-theory, title-theory, and intermediate-theory states. The parties' rights and foreclosure process depend on jurisdiction and instrument.

Satisfaction and assignment

When debt is paid, the security interest should be canceled or released in the public record. Assignment transfers lender rights; assumption or subject-to language concerns the buyer's relationship to debt.

Decision rule

Ask whether the document creates the debt, secures the debt, transfers lender rights, or clears the security record.

Georgia-specific distinction

Georgia commonly uses a security deed, under which the borrower conveys legal title to secure the debt while retaining the equitable interest and possession, subject to the instrument and law. The note and security deed remain distinct documents.

Worked example

Scenario. A borrower signs one document promising monthly repayment and another conveying a security interest in the home.

Reason it through. The repayment promise creates evidence of debt; the second document connects the real property to that obligation.

Answer. The first is the note and the second is the security instrument, commonly a security deed in Georgia.

Common exam traps

  • Calling the note the lien instrument
  • Assuming the lender occupies the property
  • Treating assignment as debt satisfaction
  • Using mortgage terminology without noticing Georgia's security deed

Original practice questions with detailed explanations

These questions were written for instruction and mapped to the current outline. They are not copied from PSI or any live examination. Choose an answer before opening the explanation.

Question 1

Which document is evidence of the borrower's debt?

  1. A. Promissory note
  2. B. Deed
  3. C. Appraisal
  4. D. Title policy
Show answer and explanation →

Answer: A. Promissory note

The note contains the borrower's promise and repayment terms.

Question 2

What is hypothecation?

  1. A. Pledging property while retaining possession
  2. B. Transferring possession to the lender
  3. C. Paying off a lien
  4. D. Recording a plat
Show answer and explanation →

Answer: A. Pledging property while retaining possession

The borrower pledges real property as security but ordinarily keeps possession.

Question 3

Which instrument commonly secures a Georgia real estate loan?

  1. A. Bill of sale
  2. B. Security deed
  3. C. Certificate of occupancy
  4. D. Quitclaim release only
Show answer and explanation →

Answer: B. Security deed

Georgia commonly uses a deed to secure debt, also called a security deed.

Mastery tracking

Mark this lesson mastered only when every statement is true.

  • State the direct answer and decision rule without notes.
  • Explain every core concept in plain English.
  • Solve the worked example after changing one important fact.
  • Identify the Georgia distinction before reading answer choices.
  • Answer all three questions correctly and reject every distractor.
  • Repeat the topic in mixed practice on a later day.

Recommended next lesson

Continue with Basic Real Estate Financing Concepts. Continue to roadmap lesson 71 and build on this decision rule.

Return to the Financing hub to see every official branch and the complete lesson sequence for this content area.

Financing Instruments and Promissory Notes questions

Facts checked against the current PSI Candidate Information Bulletin and GREC sources. Last reviewed August 2, 2026. Editorial standards.

Is Financing Instruments and Promissory Notes on the Georgia real estate exam?

Yes. It belongs to PSI's Financing content area, which is 10% of the 100-question national portion. PSI publishes content-area weights, not a guaranteed question count for this individual lesson.

What is the main rule for Financing Instruments and Promissory Notes?

Ask whether the document creates the debt, secures the debt, transfers lender rights, or clears the security record.

What Georgia-specific distinction should I remember?

Georgia commonly uses a security deed, under which the borrower conveys legal title to secure the debt while retaining the equitable interest and possession, subject to the instrument and law. The note and security deed remain distinct documents.

How do I know I have mastered this lesson?

Explain the rule without notes, solve the worked example again with changed facts, answer all original questions correctly, explain every distractor, and repeat mixed practice on a later day.